sas, Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

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sas >> Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

by jack_clark » Wed, 01 Dec 2004 00:36:50 GMT

I am trying to use a macro program to dynamically create the WHEN clauses
in a DATA Step SELECT Statement. The code I am trying to create looks like
this:

data whatever;
set something;

select (cat);
when ("G") do;
vg = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vg0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vg1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vg2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vg3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vg4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vg5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vg6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vg7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vg8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vg9 = 1;
end;
end;
when ("H") do;
vh = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vh0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vh1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vh2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vh3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vh4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vh5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vh6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vh7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vh8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vh9 = 1;
end;
end;
when ("I") do;
vi = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vi0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vi1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vi2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vi3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vi4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vi5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vi6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vi7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vi8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vi9 = 1;
end;
end;

end;
run;

I used the following macro program to cut down on lines of code:

data whatever;
set something;

%macro catdec (lettr);
when ("&lettr") do;
v&lettr = 1;
select;
%do xcnt = 0 %to 9;
when (decile = "&xcnt") v&lettr.&xcnt = 1;
%end;
end;
end;
%mend catdec;

%catdec (G);
%catdec (H);
%catdec (I);

end;
run;

The job runs properly when I type out the code, but when I switch to using
the macro, I get an error in the log:

1600 %catdec (G);
MPRINT(CATDEC): when ("G") do;
MPRINT(CATDEC): vG = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): select;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "0") vG0 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "1") vG1 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "2") vG2 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "3") vG3 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "4") vG4 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "5") vG5 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "6") vG6 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "7") vG7 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "8") vG8 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "9") vG9 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): end;
MPRINT(CATDEC): end;
ERROR: Expecting "WHEN", "OTHERWISE", or "END".

The MPRINT logic seems to show the code generated by the macro is the same
as what I am trying to create, but obviously there is a problem. I think
it may have something to do with the SELECT statement not wanting to see
the macro call when it is expecting "WHEN", "OTHERWISE" or "END", but I
thought the ampersand in front of the macro call would alleviate this
problem?

Any suggestions would be appreciated. Thank you.

Top

sas >> Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

by diskin » Wed, 01 Dec 2004 00:57:42 GMT


Jack,

Just take the semicolons off of the macro call lines:
%catdec (G)
%catdec (H)
%catdec (I)

Beacuse the macro calls do not need terminating semicolons, the semicolons are interperted as NULL statements which do not fit in the SELET structure.

HTH,
Dennis Diskin



I am trying to use a macro program to dynamically create the WHEN clauses
in a DATA Step SELECT Statement. The code I am trying to create looks like
this:

data whatever;
set something;

select (cat);
when ("G") do;
vg = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vg0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vg1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vg2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vg3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vg4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vg5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vg6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vg7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vg8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vg9 = 1;
end;
end;
when ("H") do;
vh = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vh0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vh1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vh2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vh3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vh4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vh5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vh6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vh7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vh8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vh9 = 1;
end;
end;
when ("I") do;
vi = 1;
select;
when (decile = '0') vi0 = 1;
when (decile = '1') vi1 = 1;
when (decile = '2') vi2 = 1;
when (decile = '3') vi3 = 1;
when (decile = '4') vi4 = 1;
when (decile = '5') vi5 = 1;
when (decile = '6') vi6 = 1;
when (decile = '7') vi7 = 1;
when (decile = '8') vi8 = 1;
when (decile = '9') vi9 = 1;
end;
end;

end;
run;

I used the following macro program to cut down on lines of code:

data whatever;
set something;

%macro catdec (lettr);
when ("&lettr") do;
v&lettr = 1;
select;
%do xcnt = 0 %to 9;
when (decile = "&xcnt") v&lettr.&xcnt = 1;
%end;
end;
end;
%mend catdec;

%catdec (G);
%catdec (H);
%catdec (I);

end;
run;

The job runs properly when I type out the code, but when I switch to using
the macro, I get an error in the log:

1600 %catdec (G);
MPRINT(CATDEC): when ("G") do;
MPRINT(CATDEC): vG = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): select;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "0") vG0 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "1") vG1 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "2") vG2 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "3") vG3 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "4") vG4 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "5") vG5 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "6") vG6 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "7") vG7 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "8") vG8 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): when (decile = "9") vG9 = 1;
MPRINT(CATDEC): end;
MPRINT(CATDEC): end;
ERROR: Expecting "WHEN", "OTHERWISE", or "END".

The MPRINT logic seems to show the code generated by the macro is the same
as what I am trying to create, but obviously there is a problem. I think
it may have something to do with the SELECT statement not wanting to see
the macro call when it is expecting "WHEN", "OTHERWISE" or "END", but I
thought the ampersand in front of the macro call would alleviate this
problem?

Any suggestions would be appreciated. Thank you.


Top

sas >> Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

by jack_clark » Wed, 01 Dec 2004 01:08:12 GMT

Thank you Dennis. This solved my problem.

Top

Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

by chang_y_chung » Wed, 01 Dec 2004 02:29:17 GMT

n Tue, 30 Nov 2004 11:36:50 -0500, Jack Clark <jack_clark@HARTE-
HANKS.COM> wrote:

like

Hi, Jack,

Another way of avoiding this "wall-paper" code is to use arrays and loops.
I tried this way and I have to admit that it does not look any simpler
than your macro codes. Still, it does some more than your code: it sets
variables either 1, 0, or missing depending on the values of cat and
decile with appropriate notes on log. HTH.

Cheers,
Chang

/* test data -- with some missings */
data one(drop=_:);
do _cat = 'G', 'H', 'I';
do _decile = 0 to 9;
cat = _cat;
decile = put(_decile, 1.);
if _cat = 'G' and decile = 1 then do;
cat = '';
end; else if _cat = 'G' and decile = 2 then do;
decile = '';
end;
output;
end;
end;
run;

/* create dummy variables */
data two(drop=_:);

set one;

array vxs[0:2,0:9] vg0-vg9 vh0-vh9 vi0-vi9 (30*0);
array vs[0:2] vg vh vi (3*0);

/* init */
if not _done then do;
do _cat = 0 to 2;
vs[_cat] = .;
do _var = 0 to 9;
vxs[_cat, _var] = .;
end;
end;
end;

/* check */
if missing(cat) then do;
put "NOTE: missing cat. obs no=" _n_;
goto next;
end;

/* big loop */

_done = 0; /* false */
_i = -1;

do _catValue = "G", "H", "I" until (_done);
_i = _i + 1;
if cat = _catValue then do;
do _cat = 0 to 2;
vs[_cat] = (_cat = _i);
if missing(decile) then do;
put "NOTE: missing decile. obs no=" _n_;
goto next;
end;
do _var = 0 to 9;
vxs[_cat, _var] = (
vs[_cat] and input(decile,?? best.) = _var
);
end;
end;
_done = 1; /* true */
end;
end;

next:;
run;

/* check */
proc print data=two noobs;
var cat decile vg vh vi vg0 vg1 vh0 vh1 vi0 vi1;
run;
/* on log
NOTE: missing cat. obs no=2
NOTE: missing decile. obs no=3
*/
/* on lst
cat decile vg vh vi vg0 vg1 vh0 vh1 vi0 vi1

G 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 . . . . . . . . .
G 1 . . . . . . . .
G 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
G 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
H 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
H 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
H 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Top

Using Macro Code within a DATA Step Select Statement

by jack_clark » Wed, 01 Dec 2004 03:15:48 GMT

David,

I tried to trim a lot of extraneous stuff from the code I posted to the
list. If we use what was posted as the example...

I have a variable (cat) with 3 possible values ('G', 'H', 'I'). The decile
variable contains values 0-9.

The reason why I am coding all of the dummy variables is because these are
fields that are required on a client report. I am using a PROC SUMMARY
(with a couple of CLASS variables) to sum the dummy variables once coded.
The report is to show the following columns:

# of records where cat=G
# of records where cat=G and Decile = 0
# of records where cat=G and Decile = 1
etc.

# of records where cat=H
# of records where cat=H and Decile = 0
# of records where cat=H and Decile = 1
etc.

# of records where cat=I
# of records where cat=I and Decile = 0
# of records where cat=I and Decile = 1
etc.

If you have a better suggestion, I am certainly interested. FYI - we do
not have SAS STAT on the operating system where this production job will be
run. Thanks.

Jack Clark

Top
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6. Problem that Data Step Statements doesn't work after a Macro

7. Problem that Data Step Statements doesn't work after a Macro execution 

Hi, all SAS-Ls

I have made a Macro to manupilate _infile_ variable from input buffer,
which intends to read in a raw data that is sperated by a specific
delimiter but a record of it may be broken into lines due to line feed
or carriage return characters contained in a field value.
Data sample as below:

                 1|2|3|4 4
                  4
                 |5|6 6
                 2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6
                  6
                 3|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6

It should appear like below in table,

                 1|2|3|4 4(LF or CR) 4(LF or CR)|5|6 6
                 2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6(LF or CR) 6
                 3|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6

but the LF or CR cause the raw data broken into lines.
The Macro I made below is to solve this situation.

                %Macro BLRDR(dlm,dlm_n,span_cut);
                       format tmp_infile_line $32767.;
                       informat tmp_infile_line $32767.;
                       retain tmp_infile_line;
                       input @;
                       do while (&dlm_n - count(trimn
(tmp_infile_line),"&dlm") >= &span_cut.);
                                tmp_infile_line = trimn
(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_;
                                input;
                                input @;
                                if &dlm_n - count(trimn
(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_,"&dlm") < &span_cut. then do;
                                           input @@;
                                           _infile_ = tmp_infile_line;
                                           tmp_infile_line = "";
                                end;
                       end;
                       *drop tmp_infile_line;
                 %mend;

&dlm: specify the delimiter;
&dlm_n: indicate the delimiter number in one complete record
&span_cut: set a broken line without &dlm (like " 6" between line4 and
line6 in the data sample) as partial value of last field of last
record or first field of next record. 0 as last field of last record;1
as belonging to first field of next record. For example, when
&span_cut = o then line4-6 records will be read as
                 2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6
                 3|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6
when &span_cut = 1 then line4-6 records will be read as
                 2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6
                  63|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6

If it worked as what I expect, many of my broken raw data would be
read in correctly. However the result run out does not appear like
that.
I put this Macro into raw data reading in code.

                Data rst.test;
                      infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" dlm="|" dsd;
                      length n m l o p q $10.;
                      %BLRDR(|,5,1);
                      input n m l o p q;
                      put tmp_infile_line= n= m= l= o= p= q=;
                Run;

Logs as below after run,

61         Data rst.test;
62         	infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" dlm="|" dsd;
63         	length n m l o p q $10.;
64         	%BLRDR(|,5,1);
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Beginning execution.
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter DLM has value |
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter DLM_N has value 5
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter SPAN_CUT has value 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   format tmp_infile_line $32767.;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   informat tmp_infile_line $32767.;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   retain tmp_infile_line;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @;
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM_N resolves to 5
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM resolves to |
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable SPAN_CUT resolves to 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   do while (5 - count(trimn(tmp_infile_line),"|") >=
1);
MPRINT(BLRDR):   tmp_infile_line = trimn(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @;
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM_N resolves to 5
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM resolves to |
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable SPAN_CUT resolves to 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   if 5 - count(trimn(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_,"|") <
1 then do;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @@;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   _infile_ = tmp_infile_line;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   tmp_infile_line = "";
MPRINT(BLRDR):   end;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   end;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   *drop tmp_infile_line;
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Ending execution.
66         	input n m l o p q;
69         	put _infile_ tmp_infile_line= n= m= l= o= p= q=;
70         Run;

NOTE: The infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" is:
      File Name=C:\My SAS\SD.txt,
      RECFM=V,LRECL=256

NOTE: 6 records were read from the infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt".
      The minimum record length was 2.
      The maximum record length was 17.
NOTE: The data set RST.TEST has 0 observations and 7 variables.


NO obs was read in! At first I guess that _infile_ turned missing just
before input statement. So I inserted some put statemnt into this
Macro and data steps. Codes inserted as below,

                %Macro BLRDR(dlm,dlm_n,span_cut);
                       format tmp_infile_line $32767.;
                       informat tmp_infile_line $32767.;
                       retain tmp_infile_line;
                       input @;
                       put _infile_;
                       do while (&dlm_n - count(trimn
(tmp_infile_line),"&dlm") >= &span_cut.);
                                tmp_infile_line = trimn
(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_;
                                input;
                                input @;
                                put _infile_;
                                if &dlm_n - count(trimn
(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_,"&dlm") < &span_cut. then do;
                                           input @@;
                                           put _infile_;
                                           _infile_ = tmp_infile_line;
                                           put _infile_;
                                           tmp_infile_line = "";
                                end;
                       end;
                       *drop tmp_infile_line;
                 %mend;

                Data rst.test;
                      infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" dlm="|" dsd;
                      length n m l o p q $10.;
                      %BLRDR(|,5,1);
                      put "######";
                      input n m l o p q;
                      put "######";
                      put _infile_;
                      put _infile_ tmp_infile_line= n= m= l= o= p= q=;
                Run;

And here the logs,

61         Data rst.test;
62         	infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" dlm="|" dsd;
63         	length n m l o p q $10.;
64         	%BLRDR(|,5,1);
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Beginning execution.
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter DLM has value |
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter DLM_N has value 5
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Parameter SPAN_CUT has value 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   format tmp_infile_line $32767.;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   informat tmp_infile_line $32767.;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   retain tmp_infile_line;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   put _infile_;
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM_N resolves to 5
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM resolves to |
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable SPAN_CUT resolves to 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   do while (5 - count(trimn(tmp_infile_line),"|") >=
1);
MPRINT(BLRDR):   tmp_infile_line = trimn(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   put _infile_;
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM_N resolves to 5
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable DLM resolves to |
SYMBOLGEN:  Macro variable SPAN_CUT resolves to 1
MPRINT(BLRDR):   if 5 - count(trimn(tmp_infile_line)||_infile_,"|") <
1 then do;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   input @@;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   put _infile_;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   _infile_ = tmp_infile_line;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   put _infile_;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   tmp_infile_line = "";
MPRINT(BLRDR):   end;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   end;
MPRINT(BLRDR):   *drop tmp_infile_line;
MLOGIC(BLRDR):  Ending execution.
65         	put "######";
66         	input n m l o p q;
67         	put "######";
68         	put _infile_;
69         	put _infile_ tmp_infile_line= n= m= l= o= p= q=;
70         Run;

NOTE: The infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt" is:
      File Name=C:\My SAS\SD.txt,
      RECFM=V,LRECL=256

1|2|3|4 4
 4
|5|6 6
|5|6 6
1|2|3|4 4
4


2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6
2|2|3|4 4 4|5|6
1|2|3|4 4
4


 6
3|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6
3|2|3|4 4 4|5|6 6
1|2|3|4 4 4
6
NOTE: 6 records were read from the infile "C:\My SAS\SD.txt".
      The minimum record length was 2.
      The maximum record length was 17.
NOTE: The data set RST.TEST has 0 observations and 7 variables.



We can see that no put into log after the Macro execution, which seems
the statements after the Macro doesn't work and no error msg here. It
confused me a lot. Is there anyone knowing why?

8. Macro analogue to data step continue statement?